What you need to know before corneal transplantation

Prior to corneal transplantation, tests and evaluations are performed to ensure the suitability of the patient for surgery.

These stages may include:

• Medical history:The patient is asked about their medical history, including chronic illnesses, previous surgeries, and medications they are taking. 
• Eye examination: A comprehensive eye examination is performed to evaluate the condition of the cornea and the functioning of other parts of the eye.
•  Corneal thickness: A device called a pachymeter is used to measure corneal thickness and determine whether the cornea is thick or thin.
• Corneal curvature: A device called a keratometer is used to measure corneal curvature and determine the appropriate size and shape of the transplant.
• Anterior segment examination: A device called a biomicroscope is used to examine the anterior segment of the eye and determine the status of the internal eye structures.
• Posterior segment examination: An examination of the posterior segment of the eye is performed to evaluate the health of the retina and blood vessels.
• Intraocular pressure examination: Intraocular fluid pressure is measured using a device called a tonometer to determine whether intraocular pressure (glaucoma) has increased or not.

After performing these examinations and evaluations, the physician determines whether the patient is a suitable candidate for corneal transplantation and determines the type and size of the appropriate transplant. The patient is also advised on pre-surgical procedures, such as discontinuing certain medications or fasting before surgery.